Vegan organic agriculture

**Vegan Organic Agriculture**:
– Veganic gardening developed by Rosa Dalziel OBrien, Kenneth Dalziel OBrien, and May E. Bruce.
– Term coined by Geoffrey Rudd to distinguish from conventional chemical-based systems.
– Techniques include adding straw and vegetable wastes for soil fertility and surface cultivation to prevent soil compaction.
– Practices involve maintaining soil fertility with green manures, cover crops, composted vegetable matter, and minerals.
– Some use human urine and humanure from vegans for additional nutrients.
– Biocyclic vegan farms use preventative insect management methods.
– Certification standards like the Biocyclic Vegan Standard and Stockfree Organic label promote veganic farming.
– Focus on sustainable and cruelty-free agricultural practices.

**Certification and Promotion**:
– Biocyclic Vegan Standard accredited by BNS Biocyclic Network Services Ltd.
– German Environment Agency funded the promotion of the standard.
– Stockfree Organic label certifies farms in the UK and Ireland.
– Certification requirements determined by the Vegan Organic Network.

**Support and Recognition**:
– Various resources and publications support vegan organic agriculture.
– Veganic agriculture gaining attention for sustainable and ethical practices.
– Certification standards and practices evolving to promote veganic farming.
– Increasing number of certified vegan organic farms globally.
– Research and publications continue to highlight benefits and challenges of veganic agriculture.

**Vegetarianism Pioneers and Advocates**:
– Pioneers like William Alcott, George Cheyne, and Henry S. Clubb.
– Notable authors include Carol J. Adams, Rynn Berry, and Henry Stephens Salt.
– Advocates such as Bertrand P. Allinson, Scott Nearing, and Ellen G. White.
– Vegetarian literature like ‘Behind the Scenes in Slaughter-Houses’ and ‘Figs or Pigs?’.

**Contemporary Figures in Vegetarianism**:
– Nava Atlas, Mayim Bialik, and Gypsy Boots among contemporary figures.
– BOSH! and Kathleen Keen Zolber also notable in the vegetarian community.